Iran-Russia Arms Trade: Geopolitics And Global Implications

Nader Ghazipour, among the former members of parliament whose qualifications were not approved by the Guardian Council for the impending elections, said, "I was the only representative who spoke publicly in the parliament against Russia and said that Russia is after our waters, [a] divided Azerbaijan, [has] imposed shameful treaties of Golestan and Turkmenchay on us, and didn’t sell even one barrel of Iranian oil during sanctions and took its money several times."

Iran's clerical watchdog, the Guardian Council, has invalidated the qualifications of approximately one in every ten current lawmakers aspiring to run in the March parliamentary elections.

The mass disqualification of candidates, particularly those perceived as regime insiders with relatively moderate tendencies, echoes previous instances such as the 2020 legislative elections and the 2021 presidential vote.

Ghazipour’s comments come as in 2016 he stirred controversy by asserting that women should not be permitted to serve in parliament, stating, "We didn't easily win control over the country to send every fox, kid, and donkey there. The parliament is not a place for donkeys."

Ghazipour has served on the parliament's Mine and Industry Commission and reportedly fought during the 1980-88 war with Iraq. He worked as Khamenei's campaign manager in 1981 and 1985, according to the website of the parliament's research center.

Deputy US Special Envoy for Iran Abram Paley released a video message stating that “the Islamic Republic has brought only violence and corruption at home and abroad.”

“Forty-five years ago today, the revolution in Iran led to the establishment of a regime based on fear, violence and oppression,” Paley said, as the Islamic Republic holds nationwide government-organized rallies to celebrate the 45th year of its establishment. “Flagrant and human rights abuses against dissidents, journalist, artists and minorities persist on a daily basis, and only underline the regime’s weakness.”

Paley’s message has drawn thousands of online responses by Iranians, who point out that Washington’s appeasement of Tehran while it is engaged in abuses at home and destabilizing acts abroad has encouraged the regime to continue such behavior. A large number of activists as well as American Republican politicians say the Biden administration is “soft” on Iran, demanding more pressure and less compromise.

In an interview with Iran International in January, Paley himself said that “words are not enough” but no decisive action has been taken by the US to stop Iran. Washington regularly announces sanctions on Iranian officials and entities but overall enforcement is so lax that the Islamic Republic’s oil revenues have tripled since President Joe Biden assumed office.

The Biden administration seems to have framed its Iran policy around a wish to revive the abandoned 2015 nuclear deal or at least come to another (written or unwritten) agreement that would limit Iran’s nuclear program. It also agreed to release billions of dollars of Iran's revenues frozen in South Korea and Iraq under US sanctions as part of a prisoner swap deal, described by critics as the biggest ransom ever paid to a hostage taker. About $6 billion was freed up for Iran in September after Iran released five Iranian-Americans held in Tehran in exchange for five Iranians imprisoned in the US, and another $11 billion from Iraq.

Paley highlighted that instead of providing for its people's needs, the Iranian regime spends money “on expanding its nuclear program in ways that have no credible, peaceful purpose, fueling instability across the region, proliferating dangerous weapons to places like Russia and disrupting international commerce.”

Considering Iran’s supply of drones and missiles for the Russian invasion of Ukraine, it is no surprise that Moscow was among the first countries that congratulated Iran on the anniversary. In a video message, Russian Foreign Ministry Spokeswoman Maria Zakharova echoed a propaganda line reiterated by Iranian authorities, including Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, saying that Russia and Iran are joining forces to establish a new global order.

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi also delivered a speech for the occasion, which -- not-surprisingly – was again focused on Israel and the war in Gaza. Since Iran-backed Hamas attacked Israel, Tehran and its regional proxies have ramped up their operations against US targets. Iran-backed groups in Iraq and Syria have been striking US bases, Hezbollah in Lebanon has been launching missiles towards northern Israel, and Yemen's Houthis have been attacking commercial vessels in the Red Sea, all in allegiance with Hamas to pressure Israel into ceasing its offensive in Gaza. Hamas is part of Iran's "Axis of Resistance", a regional alliance that includes Lebanon's Hezbollah, the Syrian government of President Bashar al-Assad, Shiite militia groups in Iraq and the Houthis who control a large part of Yemen.

While thousands of people chanted "Death to Israel" and “Death to America” in rallies across Iran on Sunday, with some burning US and Israeli flags, President Raisi accused the United States and some Western countries of backing "the Zionist regime's (Israel) crimes against humanity in Gaza".

Paley, elsewhere in his message, claimed that “the Islamic republic has never been more isolated than it is today” because of its own choices. The statement was reflected in Raisi’s speech from a very different perspective as he claimed Iran is “the most independent country in the world, not depending on the West or the East”

Paley also acknowledged that “the people of Iran have demonstrated courage and resilience in the face of a system that sensors, arrests, tortures and execute them." Raisi said that “contrary to what proponents of free speech claim, real freedom exists in this country and system.”

Addressing Iranians, Paley said “the United States will continue to support you in your fight for a free and Democratic future.” “We will continue to provide tools to access the uncensored Internet that you need to advocate for your future, and we will continue to work with partners to counter the regime support for terrorism across the Middle East, which comes only at your expense.”

Many Iranians marked the 45th anniversary of the 1979 Revolution on the eve of regime-sponsored celebrations with cries of "Death to the Dictator" and “Death to the Islamic Republic,” ringing through neighborhoods in the capital Tehran.

The 45-year-old cleric from Bukan in West Azarbaijan Province, also received a 15-year prison sentence on charges of "causing harm to the integrity or independence of the country," along with an additional one-year imprisonment on charges of "propaganda against the system."

Khezrnejad's most recent court session occurred in November via video conference, without the presence of a lawyer. Khezrnejad was arrested on November 19 after delivering a speech at a commemorative event for Asad Rahimi, a victim of the Women, Life, Freedom protests in Bukan.

Following his arrest, a coalition of religious scholars and Friday prayer leaders in Sanandaj and Dehgolan, in Kordestan province, demanded the immediate release of all protest detainees, including Khezrnejad. They cautioned the government against issuing death sentences for protesters.

With the inception of the Women, Life, Freedom protests, sparked by the death in morality-police custody of Mahsa Amini, Sunni clerics experienced heightened pressure, encountering threats, detentions, and the imposition and execution of security verdicts.

The US-based Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA) recently reported that Iranian courts handed down 35 death sentences in January, marking the highest number of such penalties issued within a single month in over a year. Additionally, 86 individuals were executed across the country during the same month.

Among them was Kurdish Sunni cleric Farhad Salimi, executed on January 23 after serving a 14-year prison term in Ghezelhesar prison in Karaj.

According to the Quds Headquarters of the Ground Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, the two members were identified as Mohammad Anvar Gomshadzahi and Abdolhossein Baluch.

The incident follows a deadly assault in December perpetrated by the militant Sunni organization Jaish al-Adl, which targeted a police station in Rask, a small city in Iran’s Sistan-Baluchistan Province, resulting in the deaths of 12 police officers.

Sistan-Baluchistan Province, marked by poverty and bordering Afghanistan and Pakistan, hosts a substantial Sunni population from the Baluch ethnic group. The community faces pressure from Iran’s Shiite clerical rulers and experiences frequent clashes between security forces and Sunni militants, as well as drug smugglers.

Jaish al-Adl, purportedly advocating for greater rights and improved living conditions for ethnic minority Baluchis, frequently asserts responsibility for such attacks. Over recent years, the group has launched multiple assaults on Iranian security forces in the province.

In July, Jaish al-Adl targeted a police station in Zahedan, the provincial capital, alleging its involvement in the September 30, 2022, massacre of approximately 90 civilians, known as Black Friday. The ensuing anti-government protests following Friday prayers led to confrontations with security forces, resulting in demonstrations in Zahedan and the subsequent arrest of hundreds by security forces.

An image depicts the emaciated and weak state of the animal, prompting concerns about its welfare.

According to the Khorasan Online channel, the lion displayed no signs of movement, leaving observers unable to determine if it was still alive.

The incident is not an isolated case of animal welfare negligence in Iranian zoos. In May 2021, Safadasht Zoo in Karaj faced scrutiny after one of the three African zebras it acquired from the Netherlands died shortly after arrival. The zoo attributed the zebra's death to mismanagement during customs procedures, leading to stress and internal infection.

In 2018, 10 zebras perished during a transfer operation, and in 2011, 14 lions suffering from glanders were killed.

Experts argue that the root cause of such issues lies in the prioritization of economic interests over conservation efforts. The lack of specialized training and education for animal importers and zoo owners further exacerbates the problem.